Alexander Gardner (October17, 1821– December10, 1882) was a photographer best known for his photographs of the American Civil War and Abraham Lincoln. Born in Paisley, Scotland, he emigrated to the United States in 1856 and worked for photographer Mathew Brady before establishing his own studio in Washington, D.C. Gardner photographed the aftermath of major battles, including Antietam and Gettysburg, producing some of the earliest widely seen images of battlefield casualties. His two-volume Gardner's Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War appeared in 1866. He also photographed Lincoln and documented the execution of four conspirators convicted following his assassination. This photograph of Gardner was taken by his brother James in 1863, and this albumen silver print is in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery at the Smithsonian Institution.Photograph credit: James Gardner; restored by Adam Cuerden