Types of earthquake
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This is a list of different types of earthquake.
A
[edit]- Aftershock, a smaller earthquake that occurs after a previous large earthquake, in the same area of the main shock.[1][2]
B
[edit]- Blind thrust earthquake, an earthquake which occurs along a thrust fault that does not show signs on the Earth's surface.[3]
C
[edit]D
[edit]- Deep-focus earthquake, an earthquake with a depth exceeding 300 kilometres (190 mi).[5]
- Doublet earthquake, an earthquake that consists of at least two or more mainshocks of nearly identical magnitude, separated by a period of time.[6]
E
[edit]- Earthquake swarm, events where a local area experiences sequences of many earthquakes striking in a relatively short period of time.[7]
F
[edit]H
[edit]- Harmonic tremor, a sustained release of seismic and infrasonic energy typically associated with the underground movement of magma, the venting of volcanic gases from magma, or both.[9]
I
[edit]- Induced seismicity, typically minor earthquakes and tremors that are caused by human activity that alters the stresses and strains on the Earth's crust.[10]
- Intermediate-depth earthquake, an earthquake that occurs in the depth range 70 km to 300 km.[11]
- Interplate earthquake, an earthquake that occurs at the boundary between tectonic plates.[12]
- Intraplate earthquake, an earthquake that occurs within the interior of a tectonic plate.[13][14]
M
[edit]- Megathrust earthquake, an earthquake occurring at subduction zones at destructive convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced underneath another.[15]
R
[edit]- Remotely triggered earthquakes, a result of the effects of other earthquakes at considerable distance, outside of the immediate aftershock zones.[16]
S
[edit]- Slow earthquake, a discontinuous, earthquake-like event that releases energy over a period of hours to months, rather than the seconds to minutes characteristic of a typical earthquake.[17]
- Submarine earthquake, an earthquake that occurs underwater at the bottom of a body of water, especially an ocean.[18]
- Supershear earthquake, an earthquake in which the propagation of the rupture along the fault surface occurs at speeds in excess of the seismic shear wave (S-wave) velocity, causing an effect analogous to a sonic boom.[19]
- Strike-slip earthquake, an earthquake where two pieces of crust slide horizontally past each other.[20]
T
[edit]- Tsunami earthquake, an earthquake that triggers a tsunami of a magnitude that is very much larger than the magnitude of the earthquake as measured by shorter-period seismic waves.[21]
V
[edit]- Volcano tectonic earthquake, an earthquake induced by the movement (injection or withdrawal) of magma.[22]
References
[edit]- ↑ Mulroy, Clare (December 20, 2022). "What is an aftershock? Learn about the smaller earthquakes impacting Turkey and Syria". USA Today. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ "Foreshocks, aftershocks – what's the difference?". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ "Blind Thrust Fault". United States Geological Survey. December 31, 2014. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ Prociv, Kathryn (February 3, 2023). "Arctic blast could trigger a rare weather phenomenon: Frost quakes". NBC News. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ "Determining the Depth of an Earthquake". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Moshou, Alexandra; Konstantaras, Antonios; Argyrakis, Panagiotis; Petrakis, Nikolaos S.; Kapetanakis, Theodoros N.; Vardiambasis, Ioannis O. (July 25, 2022). "Data Management and Processing in Seismology: An Application of Big Data Analysis for the Doublet Earthquake of 2021, 03 March, Elassona, Central Greece". Applied Sciences. 12 (15): 7446. doi:10.3390/app12157446. ISSN 2076-3417.
- ↑ Wei, Meng (2019). "Seismic Behavior on Oceanic Transform Faults at the East Pacific Rise". Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones. pp. 119–143. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-812064-4.00006-2. ISBN 978-0-12-812064-4.
'Earthquake swarms' typically refer to a cluster of moderate earthquakes that occur over a period of hours to days without a distinct mainshock. Earthquake swarms have first been recognized in areas of volcanism and linked to fluid-flow processes (Hill, 1977).
- ↑ Gates, A.; Ritchie, D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Infobase Publishing. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-8160-6302-4. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
- ↑ Montegrossi, Giordano; Farina, Angiolo; Fusi, Lorenzo; De Biase, Antonietta (October 8, 2019). "Mathematical model for volcanic harmonic tremors". Nature Publishing Group. 9 (1) 14417. Bibcode:2019NatSR...914417M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50675-2. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6783453. PMID 31594972.
- ↑ Kalkan, E.; Gurbuz, C.; Zor, E. (December 2014). "The Usage of Correlation Method for Micro-Earthquake Analysis at Salavatlı Geothermal Area, Aydın, Turkey". American Geophysical Union. 2014: S51A–4392. Bibcode:2014AGUFM.S51A4392K – via Astrophysics Data System.
- ↑ Astiz, L.; Lay, T.; Kanamori, H. (1988). "Large intermediate-depth earthquakes and the subduction process". Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. 53: 80–166. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(88)90138-0.
- ↑ Bellam, Srigiri Shankar (August 2012). "Assessment of interplate and intraplate earthquakes" (PDF). Texas A&M University Libraries. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Iwata, Tomotaka; Asano, Kimiyuki (2011). "Characterization of the Heterogeneous Source Model of Intraslab Earthquakes Toward Strong Ground Motion Prediction". Pure and Applied Geophysics. 168 (1–2): 117–124. Bibcode:2011PApGe.168..117I. doi:10.1007/s00024-010-0128-7. S2CID 140602323.
- ↑ Senoa, Tetsuzo; Yoshida, Masaki (2004). "Where and why do large shallow intraslab earthquakes occur?". Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. 141 (3): 183–206. Bibcode:2004PEPI..141..183S. doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2003.11.002.
- ↑ "Questions and Answers on Megathrust Earthquakes". Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Hough, Susan E. (January 1, 2005). "Remotely Triggered Earthquakes Following Moderate Mainshocks (or, Why California Is Not Falling into the Ocean)". GeoScienceWorld. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Becker, Rachel (August 30, 2016). "Slow Earthquakes Are a Thing". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Fryer, Gerard. "How do undersea earthquakes cause tsunamis?". Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Levy D. (December 2, 2005). "A century after the 1906 earthquake, geophysicists revisit 'The Big One' and come up with a new model". Press release. Stanford University. Archived from the original on January 29, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
- ↑ Adams, Rick (August 2, 2019). "Earthquakes: What Is a Strike Slip Fault?". Spectrum News. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ↑ Sun, Lin (August 2020). "Relationships between tsunami size and earthquake magnitude improved by fault parameters". ScholarSpace. Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ "Volcanic Earthquakes". Pacific Northwest Seismic Network. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
External links
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