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The article combines material translated from the Russian, French and Dutch articles, with references checked and supplemented.
Terminology: French dégorgement is rendered as disgorging or disgorgement. The Dutch synonym ontgisting has not been translated literally.
Methods:À la volée and à la glace are described as disgorging without freezing and with freezing, respectively. These distinctions do not correspond exactly to manual and mechanical disgorging, since frozen deposits can also be removed manually.
Inventor and date: The Dutch article attributes the freezing method to Léon Binet, whereas the French article credits Armand Walfard. The English text follows the Union des Maisons de Champagne chronology, which credits Walfard and dates the patent to 1884. The French article's statement that patents were filed from 1881 remains a discrepancy.
Early history: Sources differ over the dates of the development of riddling equipment at Veuve Clicquot. The wording therefore uses “early nineteenth century” and does not attribute the invention of disgorging itself to Madame Clicquot.
Scope and omissions: This is a selective synthesis. Conflicting ice-plug dimensions and processing rates have been omitted, along with the Russian article's paragraph on jetting and most of the Dutch article's examples of producers displaying disgorgement dates.
Alternative techniques: Encapsulated yeast simplifies sediment collection and removal but does not necessarily eliminate disgorging. The wording has been adjusted to preserve this distinction.
