Stephanospora
| Stephanospora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A cross section of a basidiocarp from an unknown species of Stephanospora | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Stephanosporaceae |
| Genus: | Stephanospora Pat. (1914) |
| Type species | |
| Stephanospora caroticolor (Berk.) Pat. (1914) | |
Stephanospora is a genus of truffle-like gasteroid fungi in the order Agaricales. In 2014, nine new Australasian cryptic species were described.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]Stephanospora was circumscribed by French mycologist Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1914 with S. caroticolor (formerly classified as a species of Hydnangium) as the type species.[2]
Species
[edit]- S. aorangi Beever, Castellano & T.Lebel (2015)
- S. caroticolor (Berk.) Pat. (1914)
- S. chilensis (E.Horak) J.M.Vidal (2005) — South America, Europe[3]
- S. corneri Pegler & T.W.K.Young (1979) — Singapore[4]
- S. cribbae T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — Australia
- S. flava (Rodway) G.W.Beaton, Pegler & T.W.K.Young (1985) — Australia, South Africa
- S. hystrispora T.Lebel & Castellano, (2015) — Australia
- S. kanuka T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — New Zealand
- S. novae-caledoniae T.Lebel, Castellano & K.Hosaka (2015) — New Caledonia
- S. occidentiaustralis T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — Australia
- S. papua T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — Papua New Guinea
- S. penangensis Corner & Hawker (1953) — Peninsular Malaysia[5]
- S. poropingao T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — New Zealand
- S. pounamu T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — New Zealand
- S. redolens (G.Cunn.) E.Horak (1979)
- S. sheoak T.Lebel & Castellano (2015) — Australia
- S. tetraspora T.Lebel, Beever & Castellano (2015) — Australia
Chemistry
[edit]The carrot colored truffle (Stephanospora caroticolor) produces an orange basidiocarp with pigmentation resulting from stephanosporin, a hydrazide containing 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol precursor. Upon fungal tissue injury, stephanosporin is rapidly converted to the topical fungicide potassium 2-chloro-4-nitrophenolate (nitrofungin potassium)—a chemical defense mechanism unique to this family of fungi.[6][7]
References
[edit]- ↑ Lebel T, Castellano MA, Beever RE (2014). "Cryptic diversity in the sequestrate genus Stephanospora (Stephanosporaceae: Agaricales) in Australasia". Fungal Biology. 119 (4): 201–228. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2014.12.007. PMID 25813509.
- ↑ Patouillard NT. (1914). "Quelques Champignons du Congo". Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France (in French). 30 (3): 336–346.
- ↑ Vidal JM. (2005). "The genus Stephanospora Pat., two new combinations" (PDF). Revista Catalana de Micologia. 26: 97–111.
- ↑ Pegler DN, Young TWK (1953). "The gasteroid Russulales". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 72 (3): 353–388 (see p. 383). doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(79)80143-6.
- ↑ Corner EJH, Hawker LE (1953). "Hypogeous fungi from Malaya". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 36 (2): 125–137 (see p. 130). Bibcode:1953TrBMS..36..125C. doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(53)80057-4.
- ↑ Lang M, Spiteller P, Hellwig V, Steglich W (2001). "Stephanosporin, a "traceless" precursor of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol in the gasteromycete Stephanospora caroticolor". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 40 (9): 1704–1705. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010504)40:9<1704::AID-ANIE17040>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID 11353486.
- ↑ Ju, Kou-San; Parales, Rebecca E. (2010). "Nitroaromatic Compounds, from Synthesis to Biodegradation". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 74 (2): 250–272. Bibcode:2010MMBR...74..250J. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00006-10. ISSN 1092-2172. PMC 2884413. PMID 20508249.
External links
[edit]- "Stephanospora Pat.". Atlas of Living Australia.