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Signals (Finnish Defence Forces)

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Signals
Viesti
CountryFinland
RoleMilitary signals
MarchSuomalainen sotilaslaulu[1]
Anniversaries5 March (The founding of the Field Telegraph Battalion [fi])[1]
Commanders
Defence Command Chief of C5Major General Jarmo Vähätiitto[2]
Inspector of SignalsColonel Antti Tunkkari[3]
Navy Chief of C5Captain Petteri Kuosmanen[4]
Insignia
Signals training branch insignia
Electronic warfare training branch insignia

Signals (Finnish: Viesti, Swedish: Signalvapenslaget) is a service branch of the Finnish Army. Units in the branch are responsible for the establishment and upkeep of command posts and communication systems[5] in support of artillery fire control and the command of units of other branches.[6]

History

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Jäger movement

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During the First World War, almost 1,900 Finnish men went to Germany to receive military training as part of the Jäger Movement. Out of the volunteers was formed the 27th Jäger Battalion.[7]

Around 80 Jägers received signals training. A message section for the Battalion was founded on 2 October 1917. Two Jägers were sent with two radio receivers to Finland in order to facilitate communication between German high command and the Finnish Military Committee [fi] in the Fall of 1917.[1]

Early independence

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The Field Telegraph Battalion was founded on 5 March 1918 in Mikkeli, but it suffered from a lack of equipment and qualified personnel,[8] and it was made a infantry battalion the next month.[9] The Radio School was founded in May, and the Spark-gap transmitter Department in June.[1]

Message units were formed in three divisions and a mountain brigade on 5 August 1918. These would be combined into a Field Telegraph Battalion in late 1920.[8]

The Technical Troops Command was formed in 1921, following the French model, under which Signals was also designated.[1]

The Field Telegraph Battalion's anniversary was first celebrated in 1923.[9]

Radio intelligence was started in 1927.[1]

As the equipment used was lacking and composed of various models, a type task force formed in 1935, although it didn't end up making major improvements in time for the Winter War.[1]

Signals became an independent branch in October 1939.[8]

The Winter War

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The Winter War led to a doubling of the strength of Signals forces,[8] making it around four per cent of the total strength of the Finnish Army.[1]

Messenger pigeon and dogs, along signal lighs and flags were used by Signals through the second world war.[1]

The Continuation War

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Two soldiers are kneeling in front of tree that has two spools of cable and a field telephone box attached to it. One of them is holding a telephone handle.
Signal men training 8 August 1941

The lack of equipment improved by the Continuation War, although for example there still were 34 different models of field telephones in use, and wireless communication was mainly radiotelegraphy.[1]

Around 2,300 Lotta female volunteers worked in signals tasks.[1]

Post War

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American walkie-talkie radios were acquired after the war.[1]

A renewal and development program was planned in the 1950s, although the equipment situation would remain bad until the 1970s, when a wide acquisition plan was made. During the 1970s Signals would acquire German DM-data links, and licensed production of American radios would begin. Frequency-hopping radios and the Yhtymän viestijärjestelmä [fi], modernized to the Yhtymän viestijärjestelmä 2 in the 1990s, would enter service in the 1980s, and acquisitions started to focus on systems instead of singular device models.[1]

In 1960 the Viestikeskuskorjaamo [fi], which maintained Signals equipment was founded. It was disbanded, and Millog [fi] took over its responsibilities when formed at the start of 2009.[8]

Post 2000

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The Electronic Warfare Centre [fi] was founded in 2007, with an anniversary date of 18 June, as a part of the Signals Regiment [fi].[9]

The Signals Regiment was disbanded in 2014 as part of wider reforms, with the Electronic Warfare Centre becoming a part of the Armoured Brigade, and the Signal School a part of the Army Academy[9]

The development plan of the M18 C5 system was presented by the Army Command Programme Manager in 2012.[10] The main producer is Bittium Corporation. Most units started using it in 2017.[11] It fully replaced the training of the older Yhtymän viestijärjestelmä 2 at the East Finland Signals Battalion in 2021.[10] Existing communication vehicles and command post containers were retrofitted with the system, with field radios remaining in use on lower levels. The system uses IP-communication instead of analog communication, and has a new message transfer system, SVJ2, by Aalto University. It supports the Army Doctrine 2015 by enabling up-to-date transfer of information[11] down to even the squad level.[12]

Training and units

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As of 2026, signals is trained at the following units:[5]

Karelia Brigade:[13] Reconnaissance Radio Operator[5]

  • East Finland Signals Battalion: M18 C5 system , XA-202 armoured signals vehicle.
    • 1st Signals Company
    • 2nd Signals Company
    • (Headquarters Company)

Kainuu Brigade:[14]

  • Northern Finland signal battalion: M18 C5 system
    • 1st Signals company: Signal stations and telecommunication squad personnel, logistics
    • 2nd Signals company: Reconnaissance Radio Operator, non-commissioned officer (NCO) training, command system supervision and control
    • (Headquarters company: HQ personnel, military police)

Pori Brigade:[15]

Armoured Brigade:[16]

Jaeger Brigade:[17]

  • Lapland Jaeger Battalion:
    • 1st Jaeger Company: Signal officer, signal section leader, signal men
    • 3rd Jaeger Company: Ranger signallers, signal officers, signal section leaders, signal man
    • Logistics Company: Signals
    • Heavy Support Arms Company: Signal men
  • Rovaniemi Air Defence Battalion
    • 1st Air Defence Battery: Signal officers, signal men
    • 2nd Air Defence Battery: Signals

Guard Jaeger Regiment:[18]

  • Uusimaa Jaeger Battalion:
    • The Headquarters and Signal Company
    • Non-Commissioned Officer School: Trains NCOs

Utti Jaeger Regiment:[19] Reconnaissance Radio Operator[5]

  • Paratrooper Company: Signals specialists
  • Support company: Signal men and NCOs

Army Academy:[20]

  • Reserve Officer School: All reserve officers
  • The Education and Training Centre: Planning, preparing, and implementing training for professional soldiers
  • Army Research Centre: Research and development

Additionally signal men and NCOs often belong to units of other branches for their needs.

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Simola, Seppo (5 November 2026). "Historia: Vain perille mennyt viesti ratkaisee". Reserviläinen (in Finnish). Retrieved 26 June 2026.
  2. ↑ "General officers". puolustusvoimat.fi. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  3. ↑ "Army Command". maavoimat.fi. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  4. ↑ Kuosmanen, Petteri (2023). "Merivoimien johtamisjärjestelmä – merellisen iskukyvyn takaaja" (PDF). Rannikkopuolustaja (in Finnish). No. 2. p. 24.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Conscript 2026: A guide for getting ready for military service (PDF). Finnish Defence Forces. 2025. pp. 42–43. ISBN 978-951-25-3533-0. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  6. ↑ "Viesti on taistelun selkäranka – "Ilman eivät tulikomennot pääsisi perille"". intti.fi (in Finnish). 26 November 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  7. ↑ Loikkanen, Jarmo (2023). "Jääkäripioneerit" (PDF). Hakku (in Finnish). Vol. 603. pp. 10–13.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "Viestijoukot 100 vuotta". viestiupseeriyhdistys.fi (in Finnish). 26 November 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Uro, Seppo (2018). "Viestijoukoilla perinteitä sadan vuoden takaa" (PDF). Viestimies (in Finnish). No. 1. pp. 10–12. ISSN 0357-2153.
  10. 1 2 Martikainen, Iivari (2023). "Itä-Suomen viestipataljoonan 25-vuotinen historia" (PDF). Viestimies (in Finnish). No. 1. pp. 31–32. ISSN 0357-2153.
  11. 1 2 "National Defence C5 Systems Hit the Tops of Waves in Development". maavoimat.fi. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  12. ↑ Immonen, Helena (16 February 2019). "Tulevaisuuden taistelijan paras suoja on liike" (in Finnish). Ruotuväki. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
  13. ↑ "Tervetuloa varusmiespalvelukseen 6. heinäkuuta!". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 June 2026.
  14. ↑ "Tervetuloa palvelukseen 6. heinäkuuta!". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 June 2026.
  15. ↑ "Porin prikaatin varusmieskoulutus". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 26 June 2026.
  16. ↑ "Tervetuloa palvelukseen Panssariprikaatiin!". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 26 June 2026.
  17. ↑ "Jaeger Brigade - For conscripts". maavoimat.fi.
  18. ↑ "Serving in the Guard Jaeger Regiment". maavoimat.fi. Retrieved 24 June 2026.
  19. ↑ "Tervetuloa varusmiespalvelukseen Uttiin heinäkuussa 2026". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 June 2026.
  20. ↑ "Facts about Army Academy". maavoimat.fi. Retrieved 24 June 2026.
  21. ↑ "Koulutuskestkus". maavoimat.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 26 June 2026.
  22. ↑ Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu Opinto-opas: Sotatieteiden kandidaatin tutkinnon ja sen lisäksi suoritettavien sotilasammatillisten opintojen opetussuunnitelma 2025 (PDF) (in Finnish). 2025. p. 58. Retrieved 24 June 2026.
  23. ↑ Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu Opinto-opas: Sotatieteiden maisterin tutkinnon ja sen lisäksi suoritettavien sotilasammatillisten opintojen opetussuunnitelma 2025 (PDF) (in Finnish). 2025. p. 100.

Further reading

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  • Kurjela, Reijo; Soijala, Antero J., eds. (1993). Vainovalkeista valokaapeliin - Sotilasviestitoiminnan historiaa [From warning fires to optical cable: History of military signals] (in Finnish). Viestisäätiö. ISBN 951-96704-0-8.
  • Kananen, Ilkka; Virtanen, Juha-Pekka; Uro, Seppo; Forselius, Tapio; Koriamäki, Ilkka, eds. (2008). Tavoitteena tiedonkulku: jääkäreiden tiedonanto-osastosta tietoyhteiskunnan johtamisjärjestelmiin [The goal is transfer of information: From the Jägers' information section to leadership systems of a information society] (in Finnish). Viestiupseeriyhdistys. ISBN 978-952-92-3381-6.
  • Kesseli, Pasi (2025). Viestilinjoista johtamisjärjestelmiin: viestitaktiikka itsenäisen Suomen Puolustusvoimissa [From signal lines to command systems: the development of signal tactics in the Defence Forces of independent Finland] (in Finnish). Helsinki: Maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu. ISBN 978-951-25-3520-0.

Branch publications

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