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Help:IPA/Tibetan

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

IPATibetanEnglish approximation
Consonants
b བ bog ([p] on a low tone)
c ཀྱ skew
cʰ ཁྱ གྱ cute
ɕ ཞ ཤ sheep
d ད dog ([t] on a low tone)
ɖ ~ ɖʐ གྲ draw ([ʈ]~[ʈʂ] on a low tone)
dz ཛ adz ([ts] on a low tone)
dʑ ཇjeep ([tɕ] on a low tone)
ɡ ག gone ([k] on a low tone)
h ཧhead
j ཡyes
ɟ གྱ argue ([c] on a low tone)
k ཀscat
kʰ ཁ གcat
l ལleap
l̥ ལྷ(voiceless l, like hl)
m མmoon
n ནnoon
ɲ ཉcanyon
ŋ ངsong
p པspin
pʰ ཕ བpin
ɹ རdrink
ɹ̥ རྷ(voiceless r, like hr)
s ཟ སsong
ʂ ཧྲlike first part of shrew [ʂɹu]
t ཏstop
tʰ ད ཐtop
ʈ ~ ʈʂ ཀྲstream
ʈʰ ~ ʈʂʰ ཁྲ གྲtrack
tɕ ཅbeach
tɕʰ ཇ ཆcheer
ts ཙcats
tsʰ ཛ ཚtsunami
w ཝwater
z ཟzoo ([s] on a low tone)
ʑ ཞgenre ([ɕ] on a low tone)
ʔ ཨuh-oh
ʎ ལྱmillion
ɥ ཝཡFrench huit (Between yet and wet)
ç ཧྱsimilarly huge
IPA TibetanEnglish approximation
Vowels
a ཨ between fat and father
e ཨེ day
ɛ ཨ bed
i ཨི see
ɪ ཨི sit
o ཨོ story
ø ཨོ RP rural
ɔ ཨོ off
œ ཨོ furry; French sœur
u ཨུ cool
ʊ ཨུ good
y ཨུ roughly like root (some dialects)[1]; French tu, German über
ʏ ཨུ like sit but with the lips rounded; German fünf
◌̃ nasal vowel
Tones
IPADescription
sí high level: si˥
sî high falling: si˥˧
sǐ low rising: si˩˧
sì low level: si˩

Notes

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  1. ↑ These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equivalent vowel.

See also

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